In both editor_image_upload_settings_form() and Drupal\image\Plugin\Field\FieldType\ImageItem the field_prefix is set to a div with container-inline. This creates invalid markup similar to
<div id="edit-settings-max-resolution">
<span class="field-prefix">
<div class="container-inline">
<div class="form-item-x">...</div>
<div class="form-item-y">...</div>
<span class="field-suffix"></div>
</div>
</span>
</div>