Setting the default theme in settings.php to a child theme and installing results in a fatal PHP error

Problem/Motivation

Install of Drupal 8 with the default child theme declared in settings.php with the $config['system.theme']['default'] variable results in fatal PHP error caused by the defined default theme and it's parent theme(s) not being installed during the Drupal install process. This also effect custom base themes by not installing the Stable base theme, as is updating Drupal core from a pre D8 RC1 version (any version that did not have the Stable base theme).

Proposed resolution

Remaining tasks