The list of enabled extensions is not properly checked during importing of configuration from config/install.
When installing a new site using a profile, that provided configuration. The installation failed due to unmet dependencies in the configuration. All module dependencies of the configuration files were declared as part of the profile, so they should have been met, but an UnmetDependenciesException was triggered from ConfigInstaller.
An example of this trying to install from a profile that provides a datetimetype field. The datetimefield should depend on the datetimemodule, if it was exported from drupal, however, if the datetime module is being installed by the profile, it is not found by ConfigInstaller::getEnabledExtensions()