Remove the install profile from the core.extension:module value

Problem/Motivation

Install profiles are both modules and a container of modules. We add them to core:extension:module with a weight of 1000 in the installer. And we also set the value

core.extension:profile</core>. Maintaining this is two places has always been problematic - even before Drupal 8 the configuration system. See #1170362: Install profile is disabled for lots of different reasons and core doesn't allow for that - but in Drupal 8 it has also caused big problems - see #3031740: Updating to 8.6.8 or 8.6.9 with Drush 8 causes data loss via update_fix_compatibility()<h3 id="summary-proposed-resolution">Proposed resolution</h3>
Remove the install profile from <code>core:extension:module

- add it to the various module lists (kernel / module handler) by reading the core.extension:profile value.

Remaining tasks

User interface changes

API changes

Data model changes

Release notes snippet